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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨以医院感染重点科室专科培训和多媒体教育干预为主的多元化标准预防教育在临床实习学生标准预防中的应用及效果。方法 科教科和感染管理科结合国内外医院感染案例，设计并制作了标准预防和职业防护视频。视频内容涉及知识培训和技能培训两个方面，重点通过对医院感染重点科室的专科培训来强化196名医护学生的职业风险认知和医院感染防控及职业防护技能。从理论考试成绩、问卷调查实习学生实施标准预防的态度和依从性、两组学生针刺伤等职业暴露的发生率，比较两组实习学生标准预防教育培训的效果。采用SPSS 18.0进行t检验和卡方检验。结果 除对实施标准预防的不利因素的认识外，理论考试成绩、医院感染风险的认知、标准预防的意义认知、实施标准预防的有利因素、自我效能评价、标准预防依从性自我评价等6项，试验组与对照组学生相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组实习学生职业暴露发生率比较差异有统计学意义（1.02% vs. 7.14%；χ2=4.69，P<0.05）。结论 贯穿整个实习期的多元化标准预防教育干预，拓展和加深了学校教育内容，使学生在临床实习期具备良好的职业风险认知和应对技能，保障了患者和自身的安全。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the methods and effect of applying specialized training and multimedia education in key infection-related departments of a hospital to intervene standard precautions for clinical practice interns. Methods Based on the cases of nosocomial infection at home and abroad, the Science and Education Section and Infection Management Section designed and produced videos about standard precautions and occupational protection. The content of these videos covered two fields including knowledge training and skill training, with emphasis on enhancing awareness of profession risks and skills of hospital infection control and occupational protection of 196 medical students through specialized training in key infection-related departments. The training effect of standard precautions education for the two groups of students was evaluated from the theoretical test scores, questionnaire survey on their attitude and compliance to standard precautions, and the incidence of their occupational exposure to needle stab wound. SPSS 18.0 was performed for t test and chi-square test. Results Apart from the knowledge of the unfavorable factors of implementing standard precautions, there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in six aspects: theoretical test scores, hospital infection risk cognition, significance cognition of standard precautions, favorable factors of implementing standard precautions, self-efficacy evaluation and self-evaluation of compliance to standard precautions (P<0.05). And there was significant difference in the incidence of occupational exposure to needle stab wound between the experiment group and control group (1.02% vs. 7.14%; χ2=4.69, P<0.05). Conclusion Various teaching interventions of standard precautions during the entire internship period have expanded and deepened the contents of school education, enabling the students to form good occupational risk awareness and coping skills to protect the patients and themselves. |
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